(587) Sport

Sport has already become a Japanese word スポーツ (supōtsu), but I didn't know very well how to use sport as a verb. So, I collected example sentences from online dictionary. I put a relating picture to each sentence.

Pic. 1

She sports a new hat.
新しい帽子をかぶって見せびらかす。

Pic. 2

She is sporting expensive new shoes.
to display or wear usually ostentatiously: BOST

Pic. 3

Back in the 1960s he sports bellbottoms and long hair.
Back in the 1960s he sported platform heels and hair down past his shoulders.
to wear or be decorated with something

Pic. 4

She was sporting a T-shirt with the company's logo on it.
If you say that someone sports something such as a distinctive item of clothing, you mean that they wear it without any shyness.

Pic. 5

He was heavily-built and sported a red moustache

Pic. 6

Children sporting in the waves.
To play or frolic

Pic. 7

The sight of dolphins sporting amidst the wave
[intransitive] literary to play together happily

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(580) Procrastinate

PROCRASTINATE (Pro cras tuh nate)
to put off until a late time
Link: GRASS HATE

Larry HATED to cut the GRASS and would PROCRASTINATE about it for weeks.
ラリーは草(GRASS)刈りが嫌い(HATED)で、何週間もそのことを後回しにした(PROCRASTINATE)。

Vocabulary Cartoons: Building an Educated Vocabulary With Visual Mnemonics (SAT Word Power)

• 出版社/メーカー: New Monic Books
• 発売日: 1997/04/01
• メディア: ペーパーバック

Vocabulary Cartoons are mnemonics designed for learning new words.
Mnemonics: 記憶を助ける物、語呂合わせ

  I learned this word procrastinate from a member of a Goodwill Guide club. "Don't procrastinate" is her New Year's resolution. This word was new to me. I thought it is a difficult word. Procrastinate is not in the dictionary I used in high school.

  However, procrastinate seems to be a common word among students. I found the following article on the Internet.

Top 10 New Year's Resolutions for Students:
Don't Procrastinate.
This is one of 10 achievable resolutions for students looking to have a productive and enjoyable new year.

Nothing is worse than waiting until the last minute to complete a big project. Procrastination is known to increase stress and can harm the quality of your work. To avoid cramming assignments until the last day, some strategies to try include:

・ Create a timeline for your project and stick to it
・ Try breaking you project into parts
・ Minimize distractions
・ Start you work early
Your future self will thank you later!　未来の自分に、後で感謝されますよ！

The article shows that "procrastinate" is common word among students.
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(576) rather than

Rather

AとBの対立する概念があるとき、どちらか一方向へ気持ちが傾く様子を表す。

ratherの語尾erは元来比較級の接尾辞で、more readily, more quicklyの意であった。したがってthanを伴う形式も多い。

― 図解英語基本語義辞典

図解 英語基本語義辞典

• 作者: 政村 秀実
• 出版社/メーカー: 桐原書店
• 発売日: 1989/11/01
• メディア: 単行本

Rather than

instead of somebody/something

I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.

Why didn't you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own?

ー Oxford Lerners Dictionary

Aではない。（そうではなく）それどころかBである。

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

The swords produced at that time were intended to be elaborate works of art rather than practical weapons.
当時の刀は、実用的な武器としてよりも、精巧な美術工芸品として作られていたのです。
(NHK語学) トラッド　ジャパン　2012年01月19日（木）

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

I prefer cloth diapers rather than disposable diapers.
私は布製のおむつのほうが、使い捨てより好きだ。

(NHK語学)　ニュースで英会話(2015)2015年04月30日（木）

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

These younger employees are more likely to seek part-time or job-sharing roles rather than lock themselves into a single position.
このような若い従業員たちは、１つの職務に自分をしばりつけるのではなく、パートタイムやジョブシェアリングの職務を求める傾向のほうが強いですね。

(NHK語学)実践ビジネス英語(2018)2018年04月20日（金）

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(574) rain

(1) There will be rain in all parts tomorrow. (OLD)
　　明日は各地で雨模様

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

（2) Take your umbrella, it looks like rain [= as if it is going to rain].
　　傘を持って行って、雨が降りそうです。

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(3) A light rain began to fall. (OLD)
　小雨が降り始めた。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(4) He goes jogging every morning, rain or shine. (OLD)
　彼は毎朝、雨の日も晴れの日もジョギングに行きます。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(5) The rain was falling more heavily now. (OLD)
　雨がさらに激しく降ってきました。
＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(6) It's pouring with rain (= raining very hard). (OLD)
　土砂降りの雨が降っている。

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(7) The rain let up just as we reached the house. (Merriam-webster)
　家に着くとちょうど雨が止んだ。

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

(8) It's stopped raining now. (OLD)
　雨は止みました。

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

（OLD）: Oxford Learners Dictionary

＊

(570) Getup

なんです、そのかっこうは！
What's that get-up!?

Doraemon Gadget Cat from the Future

ドラえもん Doraemon ― Gadget cat from the future (Volume 1) Shogakukan English comics

• 出版社/メーカー: 小学館
• 発売日: 2002/02/22
• メディア: コミック

■ eigobu.jp

名詞「getup」の意味
「getup」は「get」と「up」をつなげた１つの名詞です。
「getup」は「奇抜な服装」という意味です。
イギリス英語で、「get up」で「着飾る」という意味があり、それが名詞になっては生まれた単語です。アメリカ英語では「dress up」が普通です。

■ Cambridge Dictionary

getup noun [C] infml [ˈɡet̬ˌʌp]

The particular clothing, esp. when strange or unusual, that someone is wearing:
He was in a weird getup with a red wig.
赤いカツラをかぶった変な格好だった。

■ Longman Dictionary

get・up/ˈɡetʌp/noun  [countable] informal
a set of clothes, especially strange or unusual clothes

I hardly recognized him in that getup!
あの格好では、ほとんどわかりませんでした。

■ Wiktionary 日本語版
getup (複数 getups)
身なり、扮装。めったにしない格好。いわゆるコスプレの類

You should have seen the Elvis getup he wore to the party!
彼がパーティに着てきたエルヴィスの扮装を君にも見せたかったね。

■ Collinsdictionary
(ˈɡetˌʌp) NOUN informal
1. costume; outfit

Everyone will stare at you if you wear that getup.
そんな格好をしていたら、みんなからじろじろ見られますよ。

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(565) Listen in Peanuts (1)

 

  A good friend is someone who will listen to you. Snoopy listens to Sally. He tried to hear every word she says. He pays attention to what she is saying. It's nice to be listened to. "Thank you for listening, Snoopy," Sally says.

--- Charlie Brown Dictionary ---

Charlie Brown Dictionary

• 作者: Schulz, Charles M.
• 出版社/メーカー: Scholastic Paperbacks
• 発売日: 1977/09/01
• メディア: ペーパーバック

Example 1-1

Peppermint Patty is calling Charlie in the midnight.

（１）もしもし、チャック・・起こしてごめんね、でも眠れないの・・	（２）近頃いろんなことで頭の中がいっぱいなのよ・・・
（３）あなたに話したいの、いつもいい聞き手だから・・	（４）グー

Example 1-2

Spike is listening to a rock in the desert.

荒れ地にこうして座り込んで、岩の話す彼の一生を聞いているなんて我ながら信じられないな・・

彼女の一生だった、失礼・・

Example 1-3

1-Kings chapter 18 verse 26

（１）先生なんて言ったの、マーシー？ （２）列王記上１８章の２６から引用したんです・・

（３）しかし、声もなく、答える者も、聞く者もなかった。 （４）鋭いですね。先生・・

https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1kings/18

26 Taking the young bull that was turned over to them, they prepared it and called upon Baal from morning to noon, saying, "Baal, answer us!" But there was no sound, and no one answering. And they hopped around the altar they had prepared.

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(560) Rich and riches

The word of the day / Rich and Riches

  Rich means having much money. 
When used about food, rich means containing a lot of fat, oil, sugar, cream, etc.
For example, rich sauce, a rich chocolate cake.

  Riches mean a lot of money or a lot of valuable things.
I recently read a book. Its title is "Beauty and the Beast". This book is a retold one in easy English. I'll show you a sentence having riches from this book.

美女と野獣 Beauty and the Beast (ラダーシリーズ Level 1)

• 作者: ザンディ・スミス-セラフィン
• 出版社/メーカー: IBCパブリッシング
• 発売日: 2006/08/28
• メディア: 単行本（ソフトカバー）

  Beauty's elder sisters were very proud of their family's money. They thought that their riches and beautiful things made them better than other people. They laugh at poor people and were mean to other girls.

Poor is opposite rich.
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(536) 予診票 for COVID-19 vaccine

 
Illustrated by Mugi-san（麦さん）
  When I tried to explain 新型コロナワクチン接種の予診票 in English, I had some trouble in understanding Japanese words properly and saying suitable English words. Fortunately, I found the translations in several foreign languages. The site says "※The following are the translations of the official form in Japanese. Please fill in the Japanese form by referring to the following translations."

  I had the first dose of the vaccine and am going to receive the second dose after three weeks. I studied some English words and phrases for the COVID-19 vaccination.

予診票 (yoshinhyou)
Pre-vaccination screening1) questionnaire
I wasn't familiar with this Japanese word "yoshinhyou". This word consists of only three kanji-characters. Yo means "in advance" and "shin" means consultation and "hyou" means a sheet. The translation by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare can explain this sheet more in detail, that is, Pre-vaccination screening questionnaire.
1) screen: to examine usually methodically in order to make a separation into different groups

Q: 新型コロナワクチンの接種を初めて受けますか。
Are you receiving the COVID-19 vaccine2) for the first time? 
2) ワクチンを接種する： receive a vaccine / get a vaccine / have a vaccination

・副作用　adverse3) side effects,
3) adverse: harmful

Q: 接種順位の上位となる対象グループに該当しますか。
Do you fall into one target groups that have a higher priority for this vaccine?

・高齢者施設　senior citizen facility
・基礎疾患を有する person with an underlying4) disease
4) underlying: basic, fundamental
「基準（BMI30以上）を満たす肥満の方」も対象グループに入ります。
Obese people who meet the criteria (BMI 30 or higher)
BMI: Body Mass Index
/ BMI = weight(kg) ÷ height(m)÷height(m)
でも、肥満が病気なのかどうかは私にはわかりません。
I don't know if obesity is a disease.

Q: 現在、何らかの病気にかかって、治療（投薬など）を受けていますか。
Are you currently suffering from any kind of illness5) and receiving treatment or medication?
5) illness: specific disease

Q: 最近１か月以内に熱が出たり、病気にかかったりしましたか。
Have you had a fever or gotten sick in the last month?

Q:けいれん（ひきつけ）を起こしたことがありますか。
Have you ever had a convulsion6) (seizure7))?
6) convulsion: uncontrolled motion of the body (muscles)
7) seizure: physical manifestations resulting from abnormal electrical discharges in the brain(例えば、癲癇（てんかん）)
Q: これまでに予防接種を受けて気分が悪くなったことはありますか。
Have you ever been sick after receiving a vaccine?

Q: ２週間以内に予防接種をうけましたか。
Have you had any vaccines within the last two weeks?

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タグ：COVID-19

(516) Word / Inbound

1. Inbound: inward bound

  My friend asked me about NOBORI and KUDARI the other day. She is learning Japanese. In her Japanese class, NOBORI is explained as inbound, KUDARI is outbound. So, I added that the NOBORI train is the one headed for Tokyo, and the KUDARI train is going out of it. Then she seemed to understand better about these Japanese words.

  These words "inbound" and "outbound" reminded me of my short trip to Boston and New York. It was five years ago. I took a train of Boston Subway to visit a Toastmasters Club at Natic. I participated Toastmasters@Mathwork with my daughter as guests. I saw the words "inbound" and "outbound" on the train map. I could guess inbound means towards Boston. I was right.

Inbound, in most cases, will mean the trains going towards Boston - or going towards the metro Boston. On the other hand, outbound means going out of it.

https://www.boston-discovery-guide.com/boston-subway.html.

2. INBAUNDO in Japanese

  I knew that Japanese word "INBAUNDO" seemed to be used as "Foreign tourists visiting Japan" or "Travel to Japan by foreigners". But I didn't get the reason why. Every time Japanese people say "INBOUNDO" I became uncomfortable. I tried finding the English dictionaries explaining that "inbound" means "Travel to Japan by foreigners". But I failed in vain, to find such a meaning.

  I asked the same friend, who asked me about "NOBORI and KUDARI", if "inbound" means something like "Foreign tourists visiting Japan". She didn't get my question and looked puzzled. At that time, I knew Japanese "INBAUNDO" doesn't have the same meaning of the English word "inbound".

  I knew the origin of Japanese word "INBAUNDO" in a dictionary of New Japanese Words!  The dictionary says "INBAUNDO" is a loanword from "inbound touring".

https://www.weblio.jp/content/インバウンド

Weblio 新語時事用語辞典

インバウンド

英語：inbound

インバウンドの意味、語源

インバウンド（英：inbound）とは、主に日本の観光業界において「外国人の日本旅行（訪日旅行）」あるいは「訪日外国人観光客」などの意味で用いられる語。インバウンドは、英語のinboundに由来する語である。英語のinboundは「内側」を意味する接頭語in-と「～行き」を意味する語boundから成り立つ形容詞で、「本国行きの」「市内へ向かう」といった意味がある。

Trave to Japan by foreigners

Foreign tourists visiting Japan

「本国行きの」という意味の「inbound」と「旅行・観光」を意味する「touring（ツーリング）」で「インバウンド・ツーリング」という言葉が元々上記の意味でしたが、それが省略され「インバウンド」単体でも同じ意味でつかわれるようになりました。

inbound touring

3. Explaining "inbound tourism"

How to use "inbound" and "outbound"

  I continued to look for the meaning "inbound touring". I came across a site explaining "inbound tourism"

Dr Hayley Stainton says in her site, "Tourism Teacher";

https://tourismteacher.com/inbound-tourism/

Inbound tourism can be defined as:

'The act of travelling to another country for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes'.

So, according to this definition, I can be a Japanese inbound tourist when I visit Spain, for example.

China produces one of the largest outbound tourism markets in the world and Chinese tourists tend to spend more on their holidays than any other nationality.

Therefore, many countries want to attract Chinese inbound tourists due to the economic value of this market.

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(499) Word / aspire

 Peco-chan wearing a face mask in a Matsuyama shopping mall.

  Andrew Cuomo知事はニューヨーク州にアメリカ全土から寄贈されてくる、沢山のマスクに対してtweeted as follows;
Our politicians should aspire to be at least half as good as the American people.
2020/4/30 2:00 am Japan time

  Governor Cuomo’s tweets can reach me better than Prime minister Abe’s, though English is the second language for me. I really feel that most of Japan’s politicians don’t work properly against this corona virus crisis.

aspire / to have a strong desire to achieve something [+to]
students aspire to a career in law.
(LONGMAN Active Study Dictionary)

aspire / aspire to sth/to do sth;
She aspired to become president of the company.
(NOVA OXFORD DICTIONARY)
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